Carbureter.



A. 0. STEWART.

CARBUBETER.

ArPLmATwn rum nov. 1, 1909,l

1,010,003. Patented N0v.28,1911,

ALFRED C. STEWART, l' A130s ANGELES. CALIFORNI'A.

CARB UBET ER.

Spectncn tion of Letten Patent.

Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

Application tiled November l, 1909. Serial No. 525,819.

To all whom it may conccrn:

Be it known that. I, Abram C. Sri-avan'r, a citizen of the United States. residing at l..os Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Carburetor, of which the followingr is a specification.

This invention rclutca to carbureters for uw with internal combustion enffines, and its main object is to provide a car urcter in which the richness or proportion of fuel to air in thc mixture, is increased rather than diminished when the throttle is nearly or quite closed so as to barely keep the. cugini` running.

A further object of the invention is to provide for flushing the carburetor in starb ing.

Another object of the invention is to cause thc gamlene to be rapidly evaporated and to lt-oep it from s littering or collecting on the walls of the Sol-id parts.

(Jther object., of the invention will appear hereinafter.

In the accompanving drawings illustrat` ing the invention: Figure 1 is o. vertical scction ofthe carburetor in the plone of the air inlct. Fig. 2 is a vertical section transverse to Fig. 1. Fi 3 is a horizontal section on line :eL- in 4`ig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line av--.'v Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a vertical section showing a ditl'crent. form of thc. invention.

The carburetor comprises a casing formed with nn oil chamber 1. an air inlet chamber .2 and a mixing chamber 3. the chamber 2 bein formed, for example, of a tubular mem er whose lower and is formed as u cap screwing on the top of and toi-ming,r a cover for tbc chamber l` and said mixing chamber comprising a. top member 3 screwing on member 2 and-provided with an outlet. 4 having means auch as screw threads 5 for attachment to the inlet of suction means such as a gas engine. a throttle (i being provided in said outlet` 4. The tubular member 2 is provided with an inlet 7 communicating with the outer air and extending into an annular space. 8 within the tubular member and bclow a valve seat t) on said member.

The valve. is formed as an in verter] frustoconical member 1t) which is supported by its stem l1 workingr within n vertical tubulargaido 12 on' the member 2, in such manner that. the conical face of thc valve member coa-...ts with the valve seat 9 to control the passage of air from the. air Space 8 to tbc mixing chamber 3. '.lhc stem ll of the valve l0 ia formed willi an internal well chamber 15 ubstantially closed at: the. top by a mrtition wall itl and partially closed at the bottom. a tubular projection 17 e.\'tendim |r downwardly from thc bottom ol the stem and cmmnunicaling with the interior of the well chamber and with a valve chamber 1S below laid .vcll chalutier, said valve chamber bein f formed in a boss it extending up trom the )ottoni oi' the oil chamber 1. A valve member preferably formed as a needle valve il and provided with an operatingr thumb pit-ce 2:! enters the lower end of this: tubular projection 17 to control thc passage of oil 'rom the valve chamber 1S into the well lo, said valvc chamber 18 communioatintaT with the oil chamber through a incl 23. The needitl valvc :.l lit looacl)r in the thumb piece 2;. as shown in thc drawing` so as to be oapable oi' a 4light lateral movement to enable it to adjust itaell to the nozzle formed by the opcn lower end of the. tubular projection l?. A constrictor] passage Q4 is provided around tubular member 17 to allow a retarded llow between chamber 18 and the. interior of tubular guide12,givingt.hccil`ect of a daih pot.

Stein 1l has: nn annular channel 20 com mnnieating with tho oil chamber through un opcning`r lil in the wall of the. tubular guide l2, thia` channel bring: fullof oil and serving: as a liquid seal to prevent air beingr drawn down between the stem and the ruido durme periodo of violent suction.

l'lllc partition wall iti ai lllt iup of [inwell 1.', iprovided with a minut(` apertura Q5 for the purpose hereinafter dated. and an aapirator tube Qti cxtenda through said partition wall nearly to the bottom of the woll 15 and ucar to thc upper end of the valve member 10, Raid valve member boing formed with an open topped chamber or rece 2S around thisl tube and with a plu rality of passages lil extending from the lowoiuiortion of the valve member into said recess to cstablioh connnnnicnton from the air space S ro aid rocca.q dircctlv around the tube 2V.

Valve 10 is formed with a reco 2T extending upwardly in its conical portion around the tubular guido member l2 and around tbc tem ll of thc valve. the lower portion of the conical valve member i0 -=nr rounding the upper portion of the tubular llO - the outlet of the oil supplv i may be re .complete vaporixation of the` permits lust auteicnt oil to cach lift of thc main valve 1 to rovi( for y is one charge. .The well 16 intoxiii memberl 12 and telesco ing thereon. This construction protects tie sliding joint be.-

tween the tubular -member 12 and the valve lidem from being fouled and clogged by dust or dirt carried in with the inlet air.

Suitable means are provided for 'maintainingl n. definite level of oil in the chamber 1, said means consisting, for example` of an annular tloat 80 surrounding the tubular iidc 12 and'eontrolling a lever 81 mounted in a lateral extension 32 ot the oil chamber andcarrying* a valve portion 33 controlling 34, so that when the level of the oi fai sielow the required height in the oil chamber, the valve 33 will be open to adint a further supply of oil. A conduit or tube 36 leads from the mixture chamber 3 to the upper partof oil chamber 1.' and is provided with a valve 37.. whereby the pressure in theoil chamber ilated; Oil chamber 1 has a small o'peninp.r 88 to the outer air, to allow A air to enter in restricted quantity.

The operation is as follows: The throttle 6 being open,

willproduce a condition of suction within the mixture chamber 3 causing the valvevlO :to be lifted and allowing air .to flow -from the inlet T through the annular space 8 and between the valve member 10 and its seat into the mixture chamber 3. lVhen the cngine' is at rest, the oil will flow from the oil chamber 1 through a 'duct 23 'into the valve chamber 18, and the, regulating votre 22de; no'fadusted that when the valve 'member 10 -is ul y depressed sutiicient clearance will be left between' the needle valve 21 and the tubular proection' 1?;to ,enable the oil to flow from the valve chamber 18 into the lwell until it reaches the level of the oil 'suction in the mixture chamber causes air to pasa through the ducts 29 into the recess 28 around the tube 26, the air thus delivered around the tubo 2G passing upwardly in the recess 28 and carrying away the gaeolene as fast as it is drawn from the tube tirthereby reventinggasolcne from atteriag on the op ot the valve member 0 and insuring asnleno. A! the Aoil is sucked uji through t e tuho-20 in this manner the ni well and eventuallv the amo'unt of oil passin through the tube is regulated by the a ustment of the valve member 21, which asl throu V at ie purpose lair or vapor as it is being dis and the engine being setlin. .operation` each suction stroke of thc engine level is lowered in the r of providing an extra supply of oil in start ing and after an operation is well under-way the. suction of oil proceeds mainly directly from the chamber 1B through the tubular projection 17 without dependence on the supply in the well, but when the engine is stopped, the oil rises in the well to furnish a supply for the ncxtstarting. In this operation. the minute aperture at the top of the well permits escape of the contained laced by the rising oil, it being understood, ion-ever, that when the engine is producing suction, the

pressure remains greater in the wcll m chamber 15 than in the tube 2fi,ifoi the reav son ,that the auxiliary air paseaiiea itil ineiiutain np iroxiniately atmospheric pressure, within tiie recess 28, but said reco-"x is too small to atleet th'e condition ol' suction in the mixing chamber or in the tube 26, and when the engine is started up the condition of suction in the mixing chamber i-e not ia,l mediiitcl) communicated to the interior of the well, and the giisolenc is therefore immediately drawn up through the tube `2o hy reason of the diilcrence. in pressure :inthe inside nndoutsideiof the tube. Regulation for minimum oil supply is el'eelcd by controlling member 2l, and for maximum supply hy valve 3T.

The feature of auxiliary air supply into a recess surrounding the oilaspirator, so as to take. up the oil from the aspirator may be employed independently of the means for producing initial flushing. Such construction is shown in Fig. 5, wherein the oil chamber 40 and mixture chamber 43 withthe inlet 44, outlet dand throttle 4G are substantially as above described, but. the valve member isforiued simply with an internal passage 48 continuous with the tubular extension 49 for copcration with the valve member ljO, said valve member- 50 being provided in its upper end with a. recess o1 into which extend t ie auxiliary 'air sages 52 from the air vspace 53 communicatin with the air inlet 44 and the aspirator tu ie 55 communicating with the centi-al passage 48 inthe valve member extends upwardly within this recess above the points of communication with the said `auxiliaryr air passages, so that the auxiliary air entermg sind recess and rinsing upwardly there-4 in carries away an vapor as the gaaolene leaves the' aspirator.

What I claim is:

1. A carburetor comprising a casing provided `with an oil chamber, a mixing chamber having an alr'inlet and an outlet a throttle in said outlet, said mixin cham ier tween the air inlet andthe mixing'chaniber, i

iiaid valve having a stem alidable vertically pas- 1 zes the gasolene, 1

in the casin said stern having an interior chamber an formed with an oil inlet at "ling valve member coperatin inlet to control sappig' its lower end communicating with said intei'ior chamber in the stem, an oil controlwith said of oil rom the oil chambcrvto'the cha r within said stem, and oil communicating means communicati with the said chamber within the stem and with the mixing chamber.

2. A carbureter comprising a casing provided with anoil chamber, a mixing chamber having an air inlet and an outlet a.

.throttle in saidl utlet, said mixin chain r bein between, ie said inlet an throttle, an air controlling valve movably mounted in the chamber to controleommunication between the air inlet and the mixing chamber, said valve having a stem slidable vertically in the casing, said stem having an an air inlet and an outlet, a'mixing` chamber i between said inlet and outlet, oil supply means, a valve member mounted to move vertically in the easing, and having a valve portion controlling communication of air from the inlet to the mixing chamber and formed with a passage communicating with the oil supply, valve means for cooperating with the lower end of said passageto control the oil supply, a tube communicating' with said passage and open at its u per end to discharge into the mixing chamber, said valve member being formed with a recess surrounding said tube and with passages vonununicatiug with said recess and with the air inlet to supply air in the recess around the tube, as above set forth,

4. Tn a carburetor, a casing provided with an air inlet and an outlet, a mixing chamber between tbe air inlet and outlet, oil supply xneansha valve member mounted to move in the casing and having a valve portion controlling communication of air from the inlet to the mixing chamber, a tube carried by said valve member and communicating with the oil supply and open at its upper end to. discharge into the mixing chamber, said valve member being formed with a recess surrounding said tubo and with passage means establishing communication from the air inlet to said recess to supply air into the recess around the tube for the p11" posent forth.

5. In a carburetor, a casing provided with a mixture chamber, air inlet means, an oil chamber, and a valve controlling communication from said air inlet means to said mixture chamber, said valve being'vertically 70 movable, and providedwith a passage opening at the upper part of the valve for csta lishing communication from the oil suppl meansto the mixture chamber, sand va ve being movable in response to the suction in the mixture chamber to control the` admission of oil thereto, an outlet means for said mixture chamber, and a throttle in said outlet means.

6. In a carbureter, a casing provided with a mixture chamber, air inlet means,.an oil supply 'meansya valve controlling communif cation from said air inlet means to said mixture chamber, and provided with a longitudinal passage for establishing communication from the oil supply means to the mixture chamber. said valve being movable in response to the suction in the mixture chamber, to control the admission of oil thereto, and a longitudinally adjustable member coperating with said passage in said valve to control passage of oil therethrough, an outlet means for said mixture chamber, and a throttle in said outlet means.

7. In a carbureter, a casing,r provided with a mixture chamber, air inlet means, an oil chamber, a valve controlling communication from said air inlet means to said mixture chamber, and provided with a passage for establishing communication from said oil chamber to said mixture chamber, said valve being movable in response to the suction in the mixture chamber to control the admission of oil thereto, and a longitudinail)- adjustable member coperating with said passage in said valve to control admission of oil therethrough, said longitudinally adjustable member being mounted to more laterally within said passage to adjust itself thereto, an outlet means for said mixture chamber, and a throttle in said outlet means.

B. In a carburetor, a casing provided with a mixture chamber, air inlet mean's ainda-an oil chamber, a tube extending within said casing, a valve controlling communication of air from said air inlet means to said mixture chamber, said valve having;r a stem slidably mounted in said tube, said valve and valve stem being formed with a passage communicating at its lower end with the oil chamber, and communicating at its upper end with the mixture chamber, and a needle valve adjustablv mounted in the bottom of the casing, an coperating with the lower end of said passage to control supply of oil therethrough, an outlet means for said mixture chamber, and a'throttle in said outlet means.

communicating at its lower end with the -oil chamber, and communicating at its upper end with the mixture chamber, and a valve adjustably mounted in the bottom of Vthe casing, and coperating with the lower end of said passage to control sup ly of oil therethrough, s aid tube hein provided with means for admission of oil t ereto, and said valve stem working as a piston therein, whereby the tube serves as a dash pot for the valve, an outlet means for said mixture 20 chamber, and a throttle in said outlet means.

10. In a carbureter, a casing provided with a mixture chamber, air inlet means and an oil chamber, a tube extending within said ,casi ng, a valve controlling communication of air from said air inlet means to said mixture chamber, said valve having a stem slidably nounted with a passage communicat- .ing' at its lower end with the oil chamber, and communicating at its upper end with 3U the mixture chamber,` said tube being provided with means for admission of oil thereto, and said valve stem working as a piston therein,whereby the tube serves as a dash pot for the valve, an outlet means for said mixture chamber, and a throttle in said outlet means.

11. In a carbureter, the combination with the mixing chamber and air inlet means of a valve controlling communication from said air inlet means to said mixing chamber., said valve having a stem and a recess around said stem, and a. tubular ide iittin said stem and extending upwartl; into sai recess.

12. In a. carbureter, the combination with the mixing chamber and air inlet means of a valve controlling communication from said air inlet means to said mixing chamber, said valve havin a stem and anreoess around said stem an a tubular guide fittin said stem and extending upwardly into sai. recess, said valve having a nozzle at lthe lower end of the valve stem, and said valve having passage means establishing communication between said nozzle and the mixing chamber, oil supply means in commimication with said nozzle and a valve coperating with said nozzle to control suoli communication.

In testimon whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at os Angeles, California, this 21st day of October, 1909. i

ALFRED C. STEWART.

In presence `of P. H. SHEL'roN, FRANK L. A. GRAHAM. 

